Write and validate image alt text against accessibility best practices.
Informative images: Describe the content and purpose. Keep it under 125 characters when possible.
Decorative images: Use an empty alt attribute: alt="". Don't describe if it adds no information.
Functional images: Describe the action, not the image. "Search" not "magnifying glass icon".
Complex images: Provide a brief alt + longer description nearby or via aria-describedby.
Good alt text is concise, descriptive, and context-appropriate. It conveys the meaning and function of an image without being redundant with surrounding text.
Generally under 125 characters. Screen readers may truncate or behave differently with very long alt text. Use aria-describedby for complex images.
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